Draw and explain in short, types of followers used in cam and follower.

Types of followers :

The followers may be classified as discussed below:

1. According to the surface in contact.

(a)Knife edge follower. When the contacting end of the follower has a sharp knife edge, it is called a knife edge follower.

(b) Roller follower. When the contacting end of the follower is a roller, it is called a roller follower.

(c) Flat faced or mushroom follower. When the contacting end of the follower is a perfectly flat face, it is called a flat faced follower and when the flat faced follower is circular, it is then called a mushroom follower.

2.According to the motion of the follower.

(a) Reciprocating or translating follower. When the follower reciprocates in guides as the cam rotates uniformly, it is known as reciprocating or translating follower.

(b) Oscillating or rotating follower. When the uniform rotary motion of the cam is converted into predetermined oscillatory motion of the follower, it is called oscillating or rotating follower.

3. According to the path of motion of the follower.

(a) Radial follower. When the motion of the follower is along an axis passing through the centre of the cam, it is known as radial follower

(b) Off-set follower. When the motion of the follower is along an axis away from the axis of the cam centre, it is called off-set follower.

Explain the compound gear train with neat sketch and write down the velocity ratio’s equation.

Explain the working of Whitworth quick return mechanism.

Explain the working of centrifugal clutch with neat sketch.

Centrifugal Clutch

Centrifugal clutch is a clutch that uses centrifugal force to connect two concentric shafts, with the driving shaft nested inside the driven shaft.

• A centrifugal clutch is a clutch that uses centrifugal force to connect two concentric shafts, with the driving shaft nested inside the driven shaft.

• It consists of number of shoe on the inside of a rim of pulley. The outer surface of pulley is covered with friction material.

• These shoes move radially in guides.

• As the speed of the shaft increase, the centrifugal force on the shoes increases.

• When the centrifugal force is less than the spring force, the shoes remain in the same position as when the driving shaft was stationary, but when the centrifugal force is equal  to the spring force, the shoes are just floating.

• When the centrifugal force exceeds the spring force, the shoes move outward and come into contact with the driven member presses against it.

• The force with which the shoe presses against the driven member is the difference of the centrifugal force and the spring force.

• The increase of speed causes the shoe to press harder and enable more torque to be transmitted.

Alternate diagram and description

Videos explaining Centrifugal clutch working

If you watch carefully animation. As the speed increases the shoes move out. Causing the contact with the external wheel and thus transmitting motion.

Advantages and Limitations of Centrifugal-clutch

Advantages:

What are the advantages of ‘V’ belt drive over flat belt drive ?

Advantages of V-belt drive over flat belt drive :

1. The V-belt drive gives compactness due to the small distance between the centres of pulleys.

2. The drive is positive, because the slip between the belt and the pulley groove is negligible.

3. Since the V-belts are made endless and there is no joint trouble, therefore the drive is smooth.

4. It provides longer life, 3 to 5 years.

5. It can be easily installed and removed.

6. The operation of the belt and pulley is quiet.

7. The belts have the ability to cushion the shock when machines are started.

8. The high velocity ratio (maximum 10) may be obtained.

9. The wedging action of the belt in the groove gives high value of limiting ratio of tensions. Therefore the power transmitted by V-belts is more than flat belts for the same coefficient of friction, arc of contact and allowable tension in the belts.

10. The V-belt may be operated in either direction with tight side of the belt at the top or bottom. The centre line may be horizontal, vertical or inclined.

Explain the working of internal expanding brake with neat sketch.

Internal Expanding shoe brake:

An internal expanding brake consists of two shoes S1 and S2. The outer surface of the shoes are lined with some friction material (usually with Ferodo) to increase the coefficient of friction and to prevent wearing away of the metal. Each shoe is pivoted at one end about a fixed fulcrum O1and O2 and made to contact a cam at the other end. When the cam rotates, the shoes are pushed outwards against the rim of the drum. The friction between the shoes and the drum produces the braking torque and hence reduces the speed of the drum. The shoes are normally held in off position by a spring . The drum encloses the entire mechanism to keep out dust and moisture. This type of brake is commonly used in motor cars and light trucks.

Define following terms :

Fluctuation of energy, co-efficient of fluctuation of energy, co-efficient of fluctuation speed, maximum fluctuation of energy.

Fluctuations of energy: The variations of energy above and below the mean resisting torque line are called fluctuations of energy.

Coefficient of fluctuation of energy: It may be defined as the ratio of the maximum fluctuation of energy to the work done per cycle. Mathematically, Coefficient of fluctuation of energy, E = Maximum fluctuation of energy/Work done per cycle

Coefficient of fluctuation of speed: The difference between the maximum and minimum speeds during a cycle is called the maximum fluctuation of speed. The ratio of the maximum fluctuation of speed to the mean speed is called the coefficient of fluctuation of speed.

Maximum fluctuation of energy: Δ E = Maximum energy – Minimum energy = (E + a1) – (E + a1 – a2 + a3 – a4) = a2 – a3 + a4

Explain the working of single plate clutch with neat diagram.

Define completely constrained motion and successfully constrained motion with neat sketch. State one example of each.

a) 1. Completely constrained motion: When the motion between a pair is limited to a definite direction irrespective of the direction of force applied, then the motion is said to be a completely constrained motion. For example, the piston and cylinder (in a steam engine) form a pair and the motion of the piston is limited to a definite direction (i.e.it will only reciprocate) relative to the cylinder irrespective of the direction of motion of the crank. Examples: 1. The motion of a square bar in a square hole 2. the motion of a shaft with collars at each end in a circular hole,

2. Successfully constrained motion: When the motion between the elements, forming a pair, is such that the constrained motion is not completed by itself, but by some other means, then the motion is said to be successfully constrained motion. Consider a shaft in a foot-step bearing as shown in Fig. The shaft may rotate in a bearing or it may move upwards. This is a case of incompletely con-strained motion. But if the load is placed on the shaft to prevent axial upward movement of the shaft, then the motion of the pair is said to be successfully constrained motion. Examples:1. The motion of an I.C. engine valve (these are kept on their seat by a spring) 2. The piston reciprocating inside an engine cylinder 3. Shaft in a foot step bearing

What is a machine ? Differentiate between a machine and a structure.

Sl. No
Machine
Structure

1
All parts / links have relative motion
No relative motion between the links

2
It transforms the available energy into some useful work
No energy transformations

3
The kinematic link of a machine may transmit both power and motion
The member of the structure transmit forces only

4
Examples: I.C. Engine, Machine tools, steam engine, type writer, etc.
Example: Truss of roof, frame of machine, truss of bridge

5
Studied under 'Dynamics'
Studied under 'Statics'

Describe with neat sketch the working of scotch yoke mechanism.

Crank and slotted lever quick return motion mechanism. This mechanism is mostly used in shaping machines, slotting machines and in rotary internal combustion engines. In this mechanism, the link AC (i.e. link 3) forming the turning pair is fixed, as shown in fig. The link 3 corresponds to the connecting rod of a reciprocating steam engine. The driving crank CB revolves with uniform angular speed about the fixed centre C. A sliding block attached to the crank pin at B slides along the slotted bar AP and thus causes AP to oscillate about the pivoted point A. A short link PR transmits the motion from AP to the ram which carries the tool and reciprocates along the line of stroke R1R2. The line of stroke of the ram (i.e. R1R2) is perpendicular to AC produced

In the extreme positions, AP1 and AP2 are tangential to the circle and the cutting tool is at the end of the stroke. The forward or cutting stroke occurs when the crank rotates from the position CB1 to CB2 (or through an angle β) in the clockwise direction. The return stroke occurs when the

Explain the inter-relation between linear and angular velocity, linear and angular acceleration with suitable example.

Explain the Klein’s construction to determine velocity and acceleration of a link in an I.C. engine mechanism.

Let OC be the crank and PC the connecting rod of a reciprocating steam engine, as shown in Fig. Let the crank makes an angle θ with the line of stroke PO and rotates with uniform angular velocity ω rad/s in a clockwise direction. The Klien’s velocity and acceleration diagrams are drawn as discussed below:

Draw the labelled displacement, velocity and acceleration diagrams for a follower when it moves with simple harmonic motion.

Roller follower is preferred over knife edge follower  Knife-edge of the follower will cause the wear of the cam.  Higher load on the small contact area the follower likely to cause wear at the tip of Knifeedge due to more stresses.  Knife-edge follower practically not feasible for higher torque / load applications.  More friction due to sliding motion of the knife-edge follower and hence, more maintenance.  Roller follower on the other hand produces smooth operation with less wear and tear of both cam and follower.  Pure rotational motion of roller follower causes less friction and less loss of power.  Considerable side thrust exists between knife-edge follower and the guide.

A flat belt drive is required to transmit 35 kW from a pulley of 1.5 m effective diameter running at speed of 300 rpm. The angle of contact is spread over 11/24 of the circumference co-efficient of friction for the surface is 0.3. Determine the maximum tension in the belt. 

In a four bar chain ABCD, AD is fixed and is 150 mm long. The crank AB is 40 mm long and rotates at 120 r.p.m. clockwise, while the link CD = 80 mm oscillates about D. BC and AB are of equal length. Find the angular velocity of link CD when angle BAD = 60.

Explain slip and creep phenomenon in belts.

Define slip and creep in the belt drive Slip --- Slip is defined as insufficient frictional grip between pulley (driver/driven) and belt. Slip is the difference between the linear velocities of pulley (driver/driven) and belt. Creep ----- Uneven extensions and contractions of the belt when it passes from tight side to slack side. There is relative motion between belt and pulley surface, this phenomenon is called creep of belt.

Write the procedure for balancing of a single rotating mass by single masses rotating in the same plane.

Procedure :Balancing of a Single Rotating Mass By a Single Mass Rotating in the Same Plane Consider a disturbing mass m1 attached to a shaft rotating at ω rad/s as shown in Fig. Let r1 be the radius of rotation of the mass m1 (i.e. distance between the axis of rotation of the shaft and the centre of gravity of the mass m1). We know that the centrifugal force exerted by the mass m1 on the shaft, FCl= m1.ω2 . r1 . . . (i) This centrifugal force acts radially outwards and thus produces bending moment on the shaft. In order to counteract the effect of this force, a balancing mass (m2) may be attached in the same plane of rotation as that of disturbing mass (m1) such that the centrifugal forces due to the two masses are equal and opposite.

State advantages and disadvantages of chain drive over belt drive

Advantages of chain drive over belt drive (Any four)

a) No slip takes place in chain drive as in belt drive there is slip.

b) Occupy less space as compare to belt drive.

c) High transmission efficiency.

d) More power transmission than belts drive.

e) Operated at adverse temperature and atmospheric conditions.

f) Higher velocity ratio.

g) Used for both long as well as short distances.

Disadvantages of chain drive: 1. Manufacturing cost of chains is relatively high

2. The chain drive needs accurate mounting and careful maintenance

3. High velocity fluctuations especially when unduly stretched

4. Chain operations are noisy as compared to belts

Compare flywheel and governor.

A flat foot step bearing 225 mm in diameter supports a load of 7500 N. If the co-efficient of friction is 0.09 and the shaft rotates at 600 rpm, calculate the power lost in friction.

Problem on Foot step bearing D = 225 mm = 0.225 m W = 7500 N µ = 0.09 N = 600 rpm ω = 2 π N / 60 =62.83 rad/sec Uniform pressure condition Frictional torque T = 2/3 µ W R = 50.625 Nm Power lost in friction = T x ω = 50.625 x 62.83 = 3180.8 W --------Ans Uniform wear condition Frictional torque T = 1/2 µ W R = 37.98 Nm Power lost in friction = T x ω = 37.98 x 62.83 = 2385.57 W -------- Ans

State inversions of double slider crank chain. Explain Oldham's coupling with neat sketch

Inversions of double slider crank chain:
i.Scotch Yoke mechanism.
ii.Oldham’s coupling.
iii. Elliptical trammel.

Oldham’s coupling:
An Oldham’s coupling is used for connecting two parallel shafts whose axes are at a
small distance apart. The shafts are coupled in such a way that if one shaft rotates, the other shaft
also rotates at the same speed. This inversion is obtained by fixing the link 2, as shown in Fig.
The shafts to be connected have two flanges (link 1 and link 3) rigidly fastened at their ends by
forging. The link 1 and link 3 form turning pairs with link 2. These flanges have diametrical slots
cut in their inner faces, as shown in Fig. The intermediate piece (link 4) which is a circular disc,
have two tongues (i.e. diametrical projections) T1 and T2 on each face at right angles to each
other. The tongues on the link 4 closely fit into the slots in the two flanges (link 1 and link 3).
The link 4 can slide or reciprocate in the slots in the flanges.

When the driving shaft A is rotated, the flange C (link 1) causes the intermediate piece
(link 4) to rotate at the same angle through\ which the flange has rotated, and it further rotates the
flange D (link 3) at the same angle and thus the shaft B rotates. Hence links 1, 3 and 4 have the
same angular velocity at every instant. A little consideration will show that there is a sliding
motion between the link 4 and each of the other links 1 and 3.

Compare cross belt drive and open belt drive on the basis of:

(i) Velocity ratio.

(ii) Direction of driven pulley.

(iii) Length of belt drives

(iv) Application.

What are the types of kinematic pair ? Give its examples.

Explain the Klein's construction to determine velocity and acceleration of single slider crank mechanism.

We have already discussed that the velocity diagram for given configuration is a triangle OCP as shown in Fig. If this triangle is rotated through 90°, it will be a triangle oc1 p1, in which oc1 represents VCO (i.e. velocity of C with respect to O or velocity of crank pin C) and is parallel to OC, op1 represents VPO (i.e. velocity of P with respect to O or velocity of cross-head or piston P) and is perpendicular to OP, and c1p1 represents VPC (i.e. velocity of P with respect to C) and is parallel to CP. A little consideration will show that the triangles oc1p1 and OCM are similar. Therefore,

Thus, we see that by drawing the Klein’s velocity diagram, the velocities of various points may be obtained without drawing a separate velocity diagram. Klien’s acceleration diagram: The Klien’s acceleration diagram is drawn as discussed below: 1. First of all, draw a circle with C as centre and CM as radius. 2. Draw another circle with PC as diameter. Let this circle intersect the previous circle at K and L. 3. Join KL and produce it to intersect PO at N. Let KL intersect PC at Q. This forms the quadrilateral CQNO, which is known as Klien’s acceleration diagram. We have already discussed that the acceleration diagram for the given configuration is as shown in Fig. We know that (i) o'c' represents CO ar (i.e. radial component of the acceleration of crank pin C with respect to O ) and is parallel to CO; (ii) c'x represents PC ar (i.e. radial component of the acceleration of crosshead or piston P with respect to crank pin C) and is parallel to CP or CQ; (iii) xp' represents PC at (i.e. tangential component of the acceleration of P with respect to C ) and is parallel to QN (because QN is perpendicular to CQ); and (iv) o'p' represents aPO (i.e. acceleration of P with respect to O or the acceleration of piston P) and is parallel to PO or NO. A little consideration will show that the quadrilateral o'c'x p' is similar to quadrilateral CQNO . Therefore,

Explain epicyclic gear train with neat sketch.

In case of Epicyclic Gear train, the axis of shafts on which gears are mounted may have a relative motion between them, unlike other gear trains. This gives advantage that, very high or low velocity ratio can be obtained compared to simple and compound gear trains; in the small space. In above sketch, if gears A and B are rotating and arm RS is fixed, then it behaves like simple gear train. However, when Arm C rotates and gear A is fixed, then train becomes epicyclic. It is also known as planetary gear train. Applications- Differential gears of the automobiles, back gear of lathe, hoists, pulley blocks

Write the procedure of balancing single rotating mass when it balance mass is rotating in the same plane as that of disturbing mass.

Justify with neat sketch elliptical trammel as an inversion of double slider crank chain.

Elliptical trammel :

Since Elliptical trammel consist of two turning pairs and two sliding pairs, it is inversion of double slider crank chain. This instrument is used for drawing ellipses. This inversion is obtained by fixing a slotted plate (link 4) as shown in fig. It has got two right angled grooves cut into it. 1-2 is turning pair                                     2-3 is turning pair                                                                           1-4 is sliding pair                                      3-4 is sliding pair.................................. [2 M]

Explain construction and working of eddy current dynamometer.

Construction and Working of Eddy current dynamometer :

Explain steep and creep phenomenon in belts.

Slip of Belt:- Ans:- When driver pulley rotates firm grip between its surface and the belt. This firm grip between pulley and belt is because of friction and known as frictional grip. If this frictional grip becomes insufficient to transmit the motion of pulley to belt. Then there will be. 1) Forward motion of driver pulley without carrying belt called as slip on driving side.

2) Some forward motion of belt without carrying driven pulley this is called as slip on driver side. The difference between linear speed of rim of pulley and belt on the pulley is known as slip of belt. The velocity ratio considering slip is given by:-

Creep of Belt:- The belt moves from driving pulley is known as Tight side and belt moves from driving pulley to driver pulley as slack side.

Tension on both i.e. on tight sides and slack side is not equal ( T1> T2 ) . The belt material is elastic material which elongates more on Tight side than the slack side resulting in unequal stretching on both sides of drive. A certain portion of belt when passes from slack side to tight side extends and certain portion of belt when contracts, passes from tight side to slack side because of relative motion. The relative motion between belt and pulley surface due to unequal stretching of two sides of drives is known as creep.

Compare multiplate clutch with cone clutch on the following basis.

(1) Power Transmission

(2) Size

Comparison of multiplate clutch and Cone clutch:

What is machine ? Differentiate between a machine and a structure.

Define the terms:

(i) Linear velocity

(ii) Angular velocity

(iii) Absolute velocity

(iv) Relative velocity

Discuss the following motion of the follower by drawing the displacement velocity and acceleration diagram.

(i) Uniform Velocity

(ii) Simple Harmonic Motion

(iii) Uniform acceleration and retardation

Compare cross belt drive and open belt drive on the basis of -

(i) Velocity ratio

(ii) Direction of driven pulley

(iii) Application

(iv) Length of belt drive

Explain with neat sketch working principle of epicyclic gear train.

Describe with neat sketch the working of Oldham’s coupling.

Discuss the working of Rope brake dynamometer with the help of a neat sketch.

Explain the process of balancing of single rotating mass by a single mass rotating in the same plane.

m = Mass attached to shafts,

r = Distance of CG from axis of rotation.

Consider mass ‘m’ is attached to rotating shaft at a radius are then the centrifugal force exerted by mass ‘M’ on the shaft is

F_c = Mw2R Where,

W = Angular velocity of shaft

R = Distance of CG from axis of rotation

M = Mass attached to shaft.

Due to continuous rotation of shaft the centrifugal force developed will be continuously changing its direction. It will cause bending moment on shaft. To counter act the effect of centrifugal force the balance weight may be introduced in same plane of rotation. This balance weight should be attached it will result in exactly equal but opposite centrifugal force to that of disturbing weight ‘M’.

The balanced centrifugal force is given by F_b = mbw2Rb For balancing the shaft – Mw²R = mbw²R_b.

Differentiate between disc brake and internally expanding brake.

Explain working principle of clutch. State its location in transmission system of an automobile.

A friction clutch has its principal application in the transmission of power of shafts and machines, which must be started and stopped frequently. The force of friction is used to start the driven shaft from rest and gradually brings it up to the proper speed without excessive slipping of the friction surfaces. In automobiles, friction clutch is used to connect the engine to the driven shaft. In operating such a clutch, care should be taken so that the friction surfaces engage easily and gradually brings the driven shaft up to proper speed.

                                                                                   Location: Between the engine and gear box.

Differentiate machine and structure on any four points.

Define linear velocity, angular velocity, absolute velocity and state the relation between linear velocity and angular velocity.

Draw a neat sketch of radial cam with roller follower and show the following on it :

(i) Pitch point                      (ii) Pressure angle

(iii) Prime circle                 (iv) Trace point

Why roller follower is preferred over a knife follower ? State two advantages and application of roller follower.

In case of knife edge follower there is sliding motion between the contacting surface of cam and follower. Because of small contact area, there is excessive wear; therefore it is not frequently used. Whereas in roller follower there is rolling motion between contacting surfacing and more contact area, therefore rate of wear is greatly reduced.

Advantages: i) Less wear, more life ii) Less side thrust as compared to knife edge follower.

Application: Used in stationary oil and gas engines

State the type of power transmission chains. Describe any one with its sketch.

Types of power transmission chains :

Explain with the diagram working of crank and slotted lever quick return mechanism.

Crank and slotted lever quick return motion mechanism:

 This mechanism is mostly used in shaping machines, slotting machines and in rotary internal combustion engines. In this mechanism, the link AC (i.e. link 3) forming the turning pair is fixed, as shown in fig. The link 3 corresponds to the connecting rod of a reciprocating steam engine. The driving crank CB revolves with uniform angular speed about the fixed centre C. A sliding block attached to the crank pin at B slides along the slotted bar AP and thus causes AP to oscillate about the pivoted point A. A short link PR transmits the motion from AP to the ram which carries the tool and reciprocates along the line of stroke R1R2. The line of stroke of the ram (i.e. R1R2) is perpendicular to AC produced.

Explain working of hydraulic brake dynamometer with sketch.

Hydraulic dynamometer is also called as water brake absorber. Invented by British engineer William Froude in 1877 in response to a request by the Admiralty to produce a machine capable of absorbing and measuring the power of large naval engines, water brake absorbers are relatively common today. The schematic shows the most common type of water brake, known as the "variable level" type. Water is added until the engine is held at a steady RPM against the load, with the water then kept at that level and replaced by constant draining and refilling (which is needed to carry away the heat created by absorbing the horsepower). The housing attempts to rotate in response to the torque produced, but are restrained by the scale or torque metering cell that measures the torque.

State and explain various types of constrained motions with suitable examples.

Types of Constrained Motions :

Following are the three types of constrained motions:

1. Completely constrained motion: When the motion between a pair is limited to a definite direction irrespective of the direction of force applied, then the motion is said to be a completely constrained motion. For example, the piston and cylinder (in a steam engine) form a pair and the motion of the piston is limited to a definite direction (i.e. it will only reciprocate) relative to the cylinder irrespective of the direction of motion of the crank.

2. Incompletely constrained motion: When the motion between a pair can take place in more than one direction, then the motion is called an incompletely constrained motion. The change in the direction of impressed force may alter the direction of relative motion between the pair. A circular bar or shaft in a circular hole is an example of an incompletely constrained motion as it may either rotate or slide in a hole. These both motions have no relationship with the other.

3. Successfully constrained motion: When the motion between the elements, forming a pair, is such that the constrained motion is not completed by itself, but by some other means, then the motion is said to be successfully constrained motion. Consider a shaft in a foot-step bearing. The shaft may rotate in a bearing or it may move upwards. This is a case of incompletely constrained motion. But if the load is placed on the shaft to prevent axial upward movement of the shaft, then the motion of the pair is said to be successfully constrained motion.

Define the terms linear velocity, relative velocity, angular velocity and angular acceleration.

Define the following terms related to cams.

i) Trace point : It is a reference point on the follower and is used to generate the pitch curve. In case of knife edge follower, the knife edge represents the trace point and the pitch curve corresponds to the cam profile. In a roller follower, the centre of the roller represents the trace point.

ii) Pitch curve: It is the curve generated by the trace point as the follower moves relative to the cam. For a knife edge follower, the pitch curve and the cam profile are same whereas for a roller follower, they are separated by the radius of the roller.

iii) Prime circle: It is the smallest circle that can be drawn from the centre of the cam and tangent to the pitch curve. For a knife edge and a flat face follower, the prime circle and the base circle are identical. For a roller follower, the prime circle is larger than the base circle by the radius of the roller.

iv) Lift of stroke: It is the maximum travel of the follower from its lowest position to the topmost position.

In a single slider crank mechanism, crank AB = 20 mm and connecting rod BC = 80 mm. Crank AB rotates with uniform speed of 1000 rpm in anticlockwise direction. Find

(i) angular velocity of connecting rod BC and

(ii) Velocity of slider C when crank AB makes angle of 60° with the horizontal.​

Given: Crank AB = 20 mm = 0.02 m, C. R. BC = 80 mm = 0.08 m

N = 1000 rpm, ωBA= 2πN/60 = 2π x 1000/60 = 104.7 rad/sec

VBA = ωBA x AB = 104.7 x 0.02 = 2.09 m/s

From velocty diagram: Velocity of C w.r.t. B -

VCB = vector cb = 1.15 m/s

Angular velocity of Connecting rod ‘BC’ ωCB = VCB / CB = 1.15/0.08 = 14.375 rad /sec

Velocity of slider ‘C’

VC= vector ac = 2 m/sec

Draw the neat sketch of single plate clutch and explain its working.

Give detailed classification of followers.

State the meaning of sliding pair, turning pair, rolling pair and spherical pair with one example each.

Explain the working of rope brake dynamometer with neat sketch.

Four masses m1, m2, m3 and m4 are 200 kg, 300 kg, 240 kg, and 260 kg respectively. The corresponding radii of rotation are 0.2 m, 0.15 m, 0.25 m and 0.3 m respectively and the angles between successive masses are 45°, 75° and 135°. Find the position and magnitude of balance mass required, if its radius of rotation is 0.2 m.

Compare flywheel and governor.